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名称类别:睡莲
别名:子午莲、水芹花
拉丁学名:Nymphaea tetragona.
英文名称:Pygmy Waterlily
科属分类:双子叶植物纲、睡莲科、睡莲属
【形态特征】 多年生水生花卉。根状茎粗短。叶丛生,具细长叶柄,浮于水面,低质或近革质,近圆形或卵状椭圆形,直径6-11厘米,全缘,无毛,上面浓绿,幼叶有褐色斑纹,下面暗紫色。花单生于细长的花柄顶端,多白色,漂浮于水,直径3-6厘米。萼片4枚,宽披针形或窄卵形。聚合果球形,内含多数椭圆形黑色小坚果。长江流域花期为5月中旬至9月,果期7-10月。花单生,萼片宿存,花瓣通常白色,雄蕊多数,雌蕊的柱头具6~8个辐射状裂片。浆果球形,为宿存的萼片包裹。种子黑色。 因其花色艳丽,花姿楚楚动人,在一池碧水中宛如冰肌 脱俗的少女,而被人们赞誉为“水中女神”。
【习性特征】 睡莲喜强光,通风良好,在岸边有树萌的池塘,虽能开花,但生长较弱。对土质要求不严,pH值6-8,均生长正常,但喜富含有机质的壤土。生长季节池水深度以不超过80厘米为宜。3~4月萌发长叶,5~8月陆续开花,每朵花开2~5天,日间开放,晚间闭合。花后结实。10~11月茎叶枯萎。翌年春季又重新萌发。
生长季节池水深度以不超过80厘米为宜。在长江流域3月下旬至4月上旬萌发,4月下旬或5月上旬孕蕾,6-8月为盛花期,10-11月为黄叶期,11月后进入休眠期。
生于池沼、湖泊中,一些公园的水池中常有栽培。
一:完全水养的睡莲很简单 直接把根茎放于水种即可.全水养搭配上营养液栽培对生长有帮助!
二、选好栽培土:睡莲很好养殖,土壤无特别要求一般泥土均可,因为水土混养泥土长时间浸泡在水里自然形成淤泥.当然如果有现成的淤泥/塘泥最好。
三、适当浅栽:泥土埋住根茎上有2CM左右的覆盖土就好 埋的太深不利于早生快发。
四、光照充足:睡莲性喜阳光充足、温暖潮湿、通风良
好的气候。采取盆缸栽培的睡莲,在置于光照充足的位
置,让其接受全光照。当然如果条件不允许房间内养殖长
时间没有阳光也没有问题,相比有充足阳光的睡莲区别在
于生长速度,开花多少会有些区别!
睡莲的养殖方法,睡莲怎么养,睡莲怎么栽培养护?
睡莲又名子午莲、水浮莲,为睡莲科睡莲属多年生浮叶型水生花卉。根状茎肥厚,甸旬生长。叶二型,浮水叶圆形,基部马蹄形,沉水叶薄膜质.花单生,浮水或挺水开放,花形美丽.花色丰富,常见栽培有红、白、黄、粉等。睡莲可分为耐寒睡莲和热带睡莲两大类。耐寒睡莲叶小、肉厚,花朵大多数浮水开放,分布于亚热带和温带地区。热带睡莲,叶片较大、肉薄,花朵大多数为挺水开放,分布于热带地区。睡莲属阳性植物,喜充足的阳光,光线不足,荷叶徒长,影响开花。
1.怎样繁殖睡莲?
睡莲常用分株和播种繁殖.栽植多采用分株栽植,秋末将根茎挖出,选带新芽的根茎栽植。播种繁殖:喜温种类3-4月份在室
内盆播,耐寒种类春季在室外播种,播后半月左右发芽,少数种当年即可开花,一般翌年见花。
1怎样栽培睡莲?
睡莲属长日照植物,栽植场所光线要充足,通风要好。睡莲在不同的生长阶段对水位要求不同。初期水位稍没过盆沿,随着叶子的生长,逐步提高水位。盆栽睡莲生长初期,底肥要充足,不必追肥,花期追施速效磷酸二氢钾.整个生长季要注意清除盆内杂草、枯叶及水面藻类。藻类过多,可喷0.3写一0.5%的硫酸铜溶液,半月1次,连续几次,可起到一定的控制作用。睡莲越冬采用窖藏越冬,用沙藏层积法保存,直到翌年转暖栽植。其中:耐寒品种,窖内温度0-5℃;热带品种,窖温保持在10-15 0C.
3.怎样使盆栽睡莲多开花?
要使盆栽睡莲多开花.应做到以下几方面.
(1)品种选择。盆栽睡莲应选开花多,耐粗放管理的品种。
(2)睡莲喜肥,盆栽睡莲的肥料,一般选用含腐殖质丰富的肥沃土壤,栽时加些骨粉等作基肥。花期增施几次以磷、钾为主的追
肥.不可多施氮肥,否则营养生长过于旺盛,抑制生殖生长,致使其开花不良或不开花。另外,每年春分前后要翻盆换土,满足睡莲对养分的需求。
(3)保证睡莲有充足的生长空间。水面小,叶重叠,会影响开花。因此,不同规格的容器对睡莲生长发育影响很大。最好盆栽套
缸养,每株提供1平方米以上的水面能促进多开花。
(4)应注意防治病虫害。
4.睡莲有哪些病虫害?
生长期有蚜虫和斜纹夜蛾为害,前者用40%乐果乳剂3 000倍液喷杀,后者用90%敌百虫1200倍液等喷杀。![](http://gd3.alicdn.com/imgextra/i3/2354251995/TB24X58dpXXXXbxXpXXXXXXXXXX_!!2354251995.jpg)
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